{"id":7163,"date":"2024-12-02T04:26:31","date_gmt":"2024-12-02T04:26:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/protech-transfer.com\/2024\/12\/02\/hard-and-soft-spots-in-jewelry\/"},"modified":"2025-12-24T12:41:47","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T12:41:47","slug":"hard-and-soft-spots-in-jewelry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/protech-transfer.com\/vi\/2024\/12\/02\/hard-and-soft-spots-in-jewelry\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u1ebft C\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 M\u1ec1m trong Trang S\u1ee9c"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft tr\u00ean trang s\u1ee9c<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c v\u1ebft tr\u00ean trang s\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t\/t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t l\u1eabn v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5.Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng.Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trang s\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ebft<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>V\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng (Hard Spots)<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b>V\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i (iridium, osmium) ho\u1eb7c oxit nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n.<br \/>\nKhi \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng trang s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 v\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng, b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ec7t \u201c\u0111u\u00f4i sao ch\u1ed5i\u201d do \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>V\u1ebft m\u1ec1m (Soft Spots)<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b>V\u1ebft m\u1ec1m bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 than ch\u00ec (graphite), b\u1ed9t th\u1ea1ch cao ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9t talc \u2013 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng.V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ebft m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111u\u00f4i sao ch\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n,nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trang s\u1ee9c.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: im lo\u1ea1i tinh luy\u1ec7n k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 osmium, iridium ho\u1eb7c ruthenium, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng (hard spots) tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn oxit ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Nickel Silicides<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong h\u1ee3p kim v\u00e0ng tr\u1eafng (white gold). C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i ch\u1eadm ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed9n k\u00e9m, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u00ean khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eafn c\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0 alumina ho\u1eb7c silica, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u1ed1p, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea1p tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng\/m\u1ec1m<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i tinh luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n<br \/>\n<\/b>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kim lo\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trang s\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i<br \/>\n<\/b>Duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ea5u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i l\u1ea1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Tr\u00e1nh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i scrap kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i scrap v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><b>Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed7ng\/x\u1ed1p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trang s\u1ee9c, tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ec1m trong trang s\u1ee9c l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Protech Transfer t\u1eeb <a href=\"http:\/\/indutherm.de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Indutherm.de<\/a>, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb9p cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trang s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>M\u00c1Y M\u00d3C T\u1ed0T NH\u1ea4T \u2013 D\u1ecaCH V\u1ee4 T\u1ed0T NH\u1ea4T<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng: +66 8 6332 9347<br \/>\nID LINE b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng: @pttsales<br \/>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 24\/7: +66 8 9227 9154<br \/>\nID LINE h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5: @pttsupport<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/protech-transfer.com\/vi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Xem t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft tr\u00ean trang s\u1ee9c C\u00e1c v\u1ebft tr\u00ean trang s\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t\/t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t l\u1eabn v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5.Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng.Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trang s\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ebft V\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng (Hard Spots) V\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i (iridium, osmium) ho\u1eb7c oxit nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n. Khi \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng trang s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 v\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng, b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ec7t \u201c\u0111u\u00f4i sao ch\u1ed5i\u201d do \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng. V\u1ebft m\u1ec1m (Soft Spots) V\u1ebft m\u1ec1m bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 than ch\u00ec (graphite), b\u1ed9t th\u1ea1ch cao ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9t talc \u2013 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng.V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ebft m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111u\u00f4i sao ch\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n,nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trang s\u1ee9c. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4: im lo\u1ea1i tinh luy\u1ec7n k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 osmium, iridium ho\u1eb7c ruthenium, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng (hard spots) tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y: Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn oxit ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac. Nickel Silicides: Th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong h\u1ee3p kim v\u00e0ng tr\u1eafng (white gold). C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i ch\u1eadm ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed9n k\u00e9m, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u00ean khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n: C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eafn c\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0 alumina ho\u1eb7c silica, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u1ed1p, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea1p tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng\/m\u1ec1m S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i tinh luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kim lo\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trang s\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i Duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ea5u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i l\u1ea1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp. Tr\u00e1nh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i scrap kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i scrap v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i. Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed7ng\/x\u1ed1p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trang s\u1ee9c, tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ec1m trong trang s\u1ee9c l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Protech Transfer t\u1eeb Indutherm.de, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb9p cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trang s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. &nbsp; M\u00c1Y M\u00d3C T\u1ed0T NH\u1ea4T \u2013 D\u1ecaCH V\u1ee4 T\u1ed0T NH\u1ea4T \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng: +66 8 6332 9347 ID LINE b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng: @pttsales \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 24\/7: +66 8 9227 9154 ID LINE h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5: @pttsupport Xem t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7164,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bai-viet-ve-duc"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - 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